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    SYLLABUS

    Differential scan calorimetry (DSC) (Eva Šnejdrová)

    Determination of melting point of suppository bases and suppositories
    Determination of glass transition temperature of polymers and the effect of plasticization
    Evaluation of solid dispersions by DSC

    Pycnometric density of solids, porosimetry, laser diffraction (Monika Smékalová)

    Determination of tablet´s excipients density
    Determination of tablet´s excipients porosity
    Determination of particle size by laser diffraction

     Determination of surface tension of liquids (Monika Smékalová)

    Determination of surface tension of water
    Determination of surface tension of surfactant solutions (cationic, anionic and nonionic)

    Rheological evaluation of pharmaceutical preparations (Eva Šnejdrová)

    Analysis of rheogram by appropriate models
    Characterization of  semi-solid preparations by Herschel-Bulkely model (coefficient of consistency and flow behaviour)
    Thixotropy characterization of the pharmaceutical preparations
    Influence of the pharmaceutical preparations composition and technology of compounding on rheological characteristics

    Spray drying (Petra Svačinová)

    Influence of process parameters on the quality of a dried product
    Evaluation of the spray dried product

    Evaluation of the compressibility of tabletting materials and the effect of lubricants. (Jitka Mužíková)

    Evaluation of the energy profile of  compression of dry binders and their mixtures with lubricants
    Evaluation of the compactability and lubricant sensitivity of dry binders 
    Evaluation of the lubricant effect in tabletting materials

     Dissolution tests (Pavel Ondrejček)

    Determination of active ingredients dissolution profile released from prolonged release tablets
    Comparison of basket, paddle and flow- through cell dissolution methods
    Influence of dissolution test´s settings on dissolution profiles

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    INTRODUCTION

    The course will enable students interested in working in the pharmaceutical industry to gain deeper theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of some specialized manufacturing and control processes of pharmaceutical technology. The methods included in the teaching are connected with the evaluation of raw materials, preparation of intermediates or production of final medicinal products and their evaluation. The focus of the course is on other courses that allow students to profile industrial pharmacy.

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    Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

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      STUDY MATERIALS:

    • DSC_theory Soubor
    • DSC_Ph.Eur. Soubor
    • Sample preparation URL

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      INSTRUCTIONS:

    • Determination of melting point of suppository bases and suppositories Soubor
    • Determination of glass transition temperature of polymers and the effect of plasticization Soubor
    • Evaluation of solid dispersions by DSC Soubor

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      STUDENT'S PROTOKOL OF MEASUREMENT:

    • 28/02/25 Soubor
    • Protocol 13.3.2026_Tm Soubor
    • Protocol 13.03.2026_Tg Soubor

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      ADDITIONAL MATERIALS:

    • Procedure of DSC measuement URL
    • DSC of polymers URL
    • Interpreting DSC scans Soubor

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      REVISION:

      1. What does DSC stand for?
      2. What is the basic principle of the DSC method?
      3. What is the use of DSC in pharmacy?
      4. What is glass transition and Tg?
      5. How to determine Tg by DSC?
      6. According what is the temperature regime chosen?
      7. What is the heating rate when determining Tg?
      8. How does crystallization affect the DSC record?
      9. How will be affected the DSC record by melting of material?
      10. How to prepare a sample for DSC measurement?
      11. What is the main reason for preparing of solid dispersions?
      12. How are solid dispersions prepared?
      13. How are solid dispersions classified?
      14. What are the properties of a carrier used in solid dispersions?

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    Pycnometric density, porosimetry, laser diffraction

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    Surface and interface tension

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      STUDY MATERIALS:

    • Surface and interface tension Soubor

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      INSTRUCTIONS:

    • Instructions for surface tension measurements Soubor

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      ADDITIONAL MATERIALS:

    • Video: Evaluation of surface tension Interaktivní obsah
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    Rheological evaluation of medical preparations

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      STUDY MATERIALS:

    • Theoretical introduction Soubor
    • Rheology-Rheometry_Physical Principles of DF_lecture Soubor

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      INSTRUCTIONS:

    • Evaluation of spreading properties of semisolid preparations Soubor
    • Tixotropy test Soubor
    • Evaluation of adhesive properties Soubor

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      ADDITIONAL MATERIALS:

    • Measurement on Kinexus rheometer URL
    • Determination of pressure sensitive tack and adhesion Soubor
    • Evaluating product spreading characteristics Soubor
    • Three step shear rate - Thixotropy test Soubor

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      STUDENT' S PROTOCOL OF MEASUREMENT:

    • Protokol_27.3.2026 Soubor

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      REVISION:

      1. Characterize the rheological behavior of semisolid excipients.
      2. What is the yield stress (yield poin)?
      3. What models are used to describe pseudoplastic/plastic flow?
      4. What is the consistency index (coefficient) K and the index of flow behavior n?
      5. What is thixotropy?
      6. What can thixotropy be used in pharmaceutical technology for?
      7. Describe the rheogram of a thixotropic material.
      8. Describe the course of the thixotropic test (Three Step Shear Rate/Thixotropy test).
      9. Describe the course of the adhesive test (Squeeze and pull off test).
      10. What parameters are used to evaluate the adhesive test?

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    Spray drying

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      STUDY MATERIALS:

    • Spray drying Soubor

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      INSTRUCTIONS:

    • Spray drying - Instruction Soubor

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      ADDITIONAL MATERIALS:

    • Spray drying- video URL

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      TASK:

    • Spray drying - task Úkol
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    Evaluation of the compressibility and the effect of lubricants.

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    Dissolution tests

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      STUDY MATERIALS:

    • Dissolution Soubor

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      INSTRUCTIONS:

    • Instructions for dissolution tests Soubor

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      ADDITIONAL MATERIALS:

    • Flow-through cell apparatus - video URL

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      REVISION:

      1. How would you describe dissolution testing and what is dissolution testing used for?

      2. Which experimental conditions are defined by Ph. Eur. for dissolution testing?

      3. Which types of dissolution apparatus are described in Ph. Eur.?

      4. In which systems is possible to perform dissolution testing and which two different ways of analysis are possible?

      5. What is the effect of set experimental conditions of dissolution testing on the dissolution profiles?

      6. What are the differences between Basket, Paddle and Flow-through cell type of dissolution apparatus?

      7. What may be the reason for the differences of the individual dissolution profiles obtained by different dissolution methods?