\documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{article}
\usepackage[czech]{babel}
\usepackage[cp1250]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}


\begin{document}
\setlength{\leftskip}{-1cm}
\setlength{\rightskip}{2cm}
a\hspace{1cm}b\hspace{2cm}c\hspace{-2.3cm}d
\vspace{2cm}

2\,cm

noskip\smallskip %pevné mezery

smallskip\medskip

medskip\bigskip

bigskip

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text \\[15pt] %nepovinný parametr udává velikost odsazení
text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text 

e\hfill fasdfasdf \hfill aaaa \hfill fasdfasd

g\hrulefill hi\dotfill j
\vfill
m\newpage

\newlength{\mujregistr} % definice nové délky
n\hspace{\mujregistr}o % zatím nulová

\setlength{\mujregistr}{10mm} %nastavým novou
n\hspace{\mujregistr}o % použiji

\addtolength{\mujregistr}{\mujregistr} % předefinuji - přidám část původní
\addtolength{\mujregistr}{5cm}
n\hspace{\mujregistr}o
\bigskip


n\hspace{2cm}p

n\hspace{1cm}o\hspace{1cm}p

\settowidth{\mujregistr}{o} % nastaví na šířku "o"
n\hspace{1cm}o\hspace{1cm}\hspace{-\mujregistr}p

n\hspace{\mujregistr}o\hspace{\mujregistr}p
\settoheight{\mujregistr}{o}
\vspace{\mujregistr}

\setlength{\parindent}{0cm}
text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text 

\setlength{\parindent}{0.2\linewidth} % nastaví na polovinu šířky stránky
text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

\setlength{\parskip}{15pt} % okraje odstavce - jak zjistit, co parskip znamená?
text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text
 
 
text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

\setlength{\leftskip}{-3cm}
\setlength{\rightskip}{5cm}
text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text
\end{document}