Weekly outline

    • Learn to read the transcribed text fluently.

    • Check your homework - aspiration, devoicing, pre-fortis shortening.

    • Choose 20 plosives (10 fortis, 10 lenis). You can ignore assimilation of voicing for the moment, so we suggest to focus on simple contexts. Listen carefully: the differences are subtle!

      1. Is the sound fortis (F) or lenis (L) in native pronunciation?
      2. How do you pronounce it? If fortis, is it aspirated or unaspirated? If lenis, do you pronounce it fully voiced or devoiced?
      3. Is your pronunciation correct?

      Examples: F-aspirated (correct/incorrect); F-unaspirated (correct/incorrect); L-voiced (correct/incorrect); L-devoiced (correct/incorrect); L-voiceless (=incorrect)

      Note: if you are lost in the terms fortis, lenis, voiced, voiceless, study the topic (or consult it with us) as soon as possible!